@article{GENERAL,
      recid = {7579},
      author = {Edmondson, A R and Twomey, B},
      title = {Systems Engineering – The Hard Way},
      journal = {Conference Proceedings of INEC},
      address = {2018-10-02},
      number = {GENERAL},
      abstract = {Ship designers, builders, owners, insurers and class  societies are becoming ever more aware of the complex  interactions of the various systems found on all types of  marine vessels. Therefore a design process that  acknowledges these demands and assesses the risks posed,  and manages them becomes ever more important. This paper  seeks to explore some of the, sometimes apparently,  conflicting requirements that are placed on designs of new  marine platforms and looks at methods that enable these  elements to be<br>
expressed, understood and managed in the  context of an integrated ship design.<br>
The demands  placed on new vessels include a range of requirements that  move away from being solely based around the traditional  functional requirements; including the ideas of designing  for ease of shipbuilders, operators and maintainers; and  now acknowledging the need of a through life safety case,  cyber security case, and full obsolescence planning. This  becomes ever more complex when consideration is given to  how these through life elements are practically managed,  with a range of methods, none of<br>
which are without  their own challenges.<br>
It is important to note as these  demands are discussed that often a ‘solution’  in the truest sense does not exist and the management of  risk becomes a balance between the expected risk, the  practicable solution, along with the potential compromises  to both programmes and cost.<br>
While these demands place  huge constraints and drive complexity into design  processes, the issues can, and regularly have, been further  exacerbated when some of these, or other requirements, are  introduced into the design or build phases of projects.  Introduction of design drivers should not be undertaken  lightly or without expected, and accepted, increases in  required resources, both financial and calendrical.},
      url = {http://library.imarest.org/record/7579},
}