The frequency and duration of US Navy surface ship operations in the ice-diminished waters of the Arctic region are increasing with geopolitical issues including the presence of the navies of the Russian Federation and People?s Republic of China, Alaska homeland defense, the defense of NATO allies, freedom of navigation and access to untapped natural resources. The Arctic is of critical strategic importance to the US and our Navy?s ships must be capable of operating safely and effectively in this hostile environment of sea ice, sea fog, extreme cold, long periods of dark/diminished sunlight, topside icing, heavy seas and unpredictable weather. This paper discusses US Navy Arctic policy and guidance, surface ship operational requirements and capabilities, near-term operator guidance and pack up kits, and ongoing scientific research and technology development including at-sea experimentation. The unique and challenging conditions of the Arctic region present an opportunity for innovation and new technology solutions that deliver capabilities necessary for surface ships to operate in this unforgiving maritime environment.